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dc.contributor.authorSianga, Keoikantse
dc.contributor.authorMakhabu, Shimane. W.
dc.contributor.authorMuposhi, Victor. K.
dc.contributor.authorSetlalekgomo, Mpho
dc.contributor.authorSelebatso, Tebogo
dc.contributor.authorMatsika, Albertinah
dc.contributor.authorSelala, Kelebogile
dc.contributor.authorBarungwi, Amo. O.
dc.contributor.authorMolojwane, Emang
dc.contributor.authorLegwatagwata, Boipuso
dc.contributor.authorLosologolo, Maitumelo
dc.contributor.authorDingake, Oreemetse
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-31T07:53:16Z
dc.date.available2025-01-31T07:53:16Z
dc.date.issued2024-12
dc.identifier.citationSianga, K., Makhabu, S. W., Muposhi, V. K., Setlalekgomo, M., Selebatso, T., Matsika, A., ... & Nkgowe, C. (2024). Patterns of spatial dynamics and distribution of african elephants (Loxodonta africana) in the Central Kalahari Game Reserve, Botswana. Global Ecology and Conservation, 56, e03284.en_US
dc.identifier.issn23519894
dc.identifier.uri10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03284
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/13049/779
dc.descriptionPublished under CC BY 4.0 licenseen_US
dc.description.abstractThe African elephant (Loxodonta africana), once thought to be absent from the Kalahari Desert in Southern Africa, has recently reestablished or expanded its range into the Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR), Botswana, with documented occurrences over the past decade. This study explores the temporal and spatial dynamics of elephants in and around the CKGR, focusing on their largely understudied movement patterns. Movement and home range data was obtained from two adult female and eight adult male elephants using GPS/UHF collars. The analysis revealed distinct seasonal ranging behaviours. Collared females migrated between CKGR and the Okavango Delta periphery, while collared male showed both migratory and sedentary patterns around artificial water points and Gope mine in CKGR. Some collared male elephants migrated to the Kavango Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area (KAZA) during the wet season, returning to the CKGR in the dry season. This pattern confirms established migration routes and the emergence of pseudo-resident male elephants within CKGR. These findings highlight the importance of management strategies that integrate water distribution, elephant movement, and human-elephant conflicts. Ensuring ecological connectivity beyond the KAZA region is vital for the long-term survival of elephants and other key speciesen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevier B.V.en_US
dc.relation.ispartofseriesGlobal Ecology and Conservation;56, e03284
dc.subjectArtificial water pointsen_US
dc.subjectHome rangeen_US
dc.subjectDiel displacementen_US
dc.subjectMovement patternsen_US
dc.subjectSatellite collarsen_US
dc.subjectkalaharien_US
dc.titlePatterns of spatial dynamics and distribution of african elephants (Loxodonta africana) in the Central Kalahari Game Reserve, Botswana.en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US


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